Laravel 8 中处理图片上传与数据库存储的常见陷阱与解决方案

<form action="{{route('services.store')}}" method="POST">
    @csrf
    <!-- ...其他表单字段... -->
    <div>
        <label class="block" for="City">Image</label>
        <input name="image" type="file" placeholder="File"
               class="w-full px-4 py-2 mt-2 border rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-600">
        @error('image') <small class="text-red-700">{{$message}}</small> @enderror
    </div>
    <!-- ...其他表单字段和提交按钮... -->
</form>

<form action="{{route('services.store')}}" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    @csrf
    <div class="mt-4">
        <div>
            <label class="block" for="Name">Name</label>
            <input name="name" type="text" placeholder="Name"
                   class="w-full px-4 py-2 mt-2 border rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-600">
            @error('name') <small class="text-red-700">{{$message}}</small> @enderror
        </div>

        <div class="mt-4">
            <div>
                <label class="block" for="details">Details</label>
                <input name="info" type="text" placeholder="Details"
                       class="w-full px-4 py-2 mt-2 border rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-600">
                @error('details') <small class="text-red-700">{{$message}}</small> @enderror
            </div>

            <div class="mt-4">
                <div>
                    <label class="block" for="City">Image</label>
                    <input name="image" type="file" placeholder="File"
                           class="w-full px-4 py-2 mt-2 border rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-600">
                    @error('image') <small class="text-red-700">{{$message}}</small> @enderror
                </div>

                <div class="mt-4">
                    <label class="block" for="price">Price</label>
                    <input name="price" type="text" placeholder="Price"
                           class="w-full px-4 py-2 mt-2 border rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-600">
                    @error('price') <small class="text-red-700">{{$message}}</small> @enderror
                </div>

                <div class="mt-4">
                    <label>
                        <select name="category" class="w-full px-4 py-2 mt-2 border rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-600">
                            @forelse($categories as $category)
                                <option value="{{$category->id}}">{{$category->name}}</option>
                            @empty
                                <option value=""></option>
                            @endforelse
                        </select>
                    </label>

                    @error('categories') <small class="text-red-700">{{$message}}</small> @enderror
                </div>

                <div class="flex">
                    <button type="submit" class="w-full px-6 py-2 mt-4 text-white bg-blue-600 rounded-lg hover:bg-blue-900">Create Service</button>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</form>

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Service; // 假设你的模型是 Service
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage; // 引入 Storage facade

class ServiceController extends Controller
{
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        // 1. 数据验证
        $this->validate($request, [
            'name' => ['required', 'max:255'],
            'info' => ['required'],
            'price' => ['required', 'max:255'],
            'image' => ['required', 'image', 'mimes:jpeg,png,jpg,gif,svg', 'max:2048'], // 添加图片类型和大小验证
            'category' => ['required', 'exists:categories,id'], // 验证 category_id 存在
        ]);

        $image_name = null; // 初始化图片名称变量

        try {
            // 2. 处理图片上传
            if ($request->hasFile('image')) {
                $image = $request->file('image');
                // 生成唯一的文件名，确保不会覆盖现有文件
                $image_name = time() . '_' . uniqid() . '.' . $image->getClientOriginalExtension();
                // 定义存储路径（相对于 config/filesystems.php 中配置的 'public' 盘）
                $dest_path = 'public/images/services'; // 实际存储路径是 storage/app/public/images/services

                // 使用 Storage facade 存储文件
                // storeAs 方法会将文件移动到指定路径，并返回相对路径
                $image->storeAs($dest_path, $image_name);

                // 如果希望文件可以通过 URL 访问，需要运行 `php artisan storage:link`
                // 这样 public/storage 会链接到 storage/app/public
                // 数据库中存储的路径应该是 'images/services/' . $image_name
                $image_db_path = 'images/services/' . $image_name;
            }

            // 3. 将数据存储到数据库
            Service::create([
                'name' => $request->name,
                'info' => $request->info,
                'price' => $request->price,
                'image' => $image_db_path ?? null, // 如果没有图片上传，则为 null
                'category_id' => $request->category,
                'user_id' => auth()->id(),
            ]);

            return redirect()->route('services.index')->with('status', 'Service inserted successfully');

        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            // 记录详细错误信息，便于调试
            \Log::error("Service insertion failed: " . $e->getMessage());
            // 如果图片已上传但数据库插入失败，可以考虑删除已上传的图片
            if ($image_name && Storage::disk('public')->exists('images/services/' . $image_name)) {
                Storage::disk('public')->delete('images/services/' . $image_name);
            }
            return redirect()->back()->with('status', 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage()); // 返回更详细的错误信息
        }
    }
}