如何在Golang中提高并发安全数据结构效率

var (
    configMap = make(map[string]string)
    mu        sync.RWMutex
)

func GetConfig(key string) string {
    mu.RLock()
    defer mu.RUnlock()
    return configMap[key]
}

func SetConfig(key, value string) {
    mu.Lock()
    defer mu.Unlock()
    configMap[key] = value
}

var cache sync.Map

cache.Store("token", "abc123")
if val, ok := cache.Load("token"); ok {
    fmt.Println(val)
}

type ShardedCounter struct {
    counters [16]int64
    mutexes  [16]sync.Mutex
}

func (sc *ShardedCounter) Incr(key uint32) {
    shard := key % 16
    sc.mutexes[shard].Lock()
    sc.counters[shard]++
    sc.mutexes[shard].Unlock()
}

func (sc *ShardedCounter) Total() int64 {
    var total int64
    for i := 0; i < 16; i++ {
        sc.mutexes[i].Lock()
        total += sc.counters[i]
        sc.mutexes[i].Unlock()
    }
    return total
}

var initialized int32

func InitOnce() {
    if atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&initialized, 0, 1) {
        // 执行初始化逻辑
    }
}