Selenium Python自动化中处理动态元素与显式等待

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

def select_first_category(sb):
    sleep(1)
    sb.highlight(".mt-15")
    sb.click('#mat-select-value-1') # Opens (Choose your Visa Application Centre) 'the Drop-down menu
    sb.click('span:contains("Application Centre")')
    select_second_category(sb)

def select_first_category(sb):
    # 定义最长等待时间，例如10秒
    wait = WebDriverWait(sb, 10)

    # 等待类别选择器元素变得可点击
    # 使用CSS选择器定位 #mat-select-value-1
    first_category_selector = wait.until(
        EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "mat-select-value-1")) # 注意：By.ID不需要#前缀
    )
    first_category_selector.click()
    print("First category selector clicked >>>>> Success")

    # 等待下拉菜单中的“Application Centre”选项出现并可点击
    # 这里假设sb.click('span:contains("Application Centre")') 内部能够处理等待或这是一个可靠的定位方式
    # 如果该选项也是动态加载的，也需要显式等待
    application_center_option = wait.until(
        EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//span[contains(text(), "Application Centre")]'))
    )
    application_center_option.click()
    print("Application Centre option selected >>>>> Success")

    select_second_category(sb)

def Check_Appointment(sb):
    while True:
        no_appointment_message = "We are sorry but no appointment slots are currently available. New slots open at regular intervals, please try again later"
        element_text = sb.get_text('/html/body/app-root/div/div/app-eligibility-criteria/section/form/mat-card[1]/form/div[4]')

        if no_appointment_message in element_text:
            go_to_homepage(sb)
            print("We are sorry but no appointment slots are currently available.")
            go_to_homepage(sb) # 这里重复调用 go_to_homepage
        else:
            print("Earliest available slot for Applicants")
            # playsound('./Music.mp3') # 假设这个功能是外部的
            print("Attention Alarm >>>>> Success")
            get_appointment_data(sb)
            break  # Break the loop when an appointment is found

def Check_Appointment(sb):
    wait = WebDriverWait(sb, 15) # 给页面加载和信息出现留足时间
    no_appointment_xpath = '/html/body/app-root/div/div/app-eligibility-criteria/section/form/mat-card[1]/form/div[4]'

    while True:
        try:
            # 尝试等待“无预约”消息出现
            # 注意：这里假设sb.get_text能够获取到元素文本，或者我们可以直接等待元素出现并获取文本
            # 更好的做法是等待包含该文本的元素出现

            # 等待包含“no appointment”消息的元素出现
            # 假设该消息总是出现在特定的元素中，并且我们可以等待该元素的文本包含特定内容
            wait.until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.XPATH, no_appointment_xpath), "no appointment"))

            # 如果条件满足，说明没有预约
            print("We are sorry but no appointment slots are currently available.")
            go_to_homepage(sb)
            # 每次返回主页后，需要重新开始整个预约流程，所以这里不需要break，而是让外层循环继续
            # 如果 go_to_homepage 会自动触发 click_new_booking，那么这里就直接返回
            return # 返回到主循环，让它重新开始整个流程

        except TimeoutException:
            # 如果在规定时间内没有出现“无预约”消息，则可能是找到了预约
            # 此时可以尝试等待“有预约”的标志性元素，或者直接认为当前页面有预约
            print("Earliest available slot for Applicants")
            # playsound('./Music.mp3') # 触发警报
            print("Attention Alarm >>>>> Success")
            get_appointment_data(sb)
            break  # 找到预约，跳出循环
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"An unexpected error occurred in Check_Appointment: {e}")
            go_to_homepage(sb) # 遇到其他错误也返回主页重试
            return # 返回到主循环