Golang如何实现HTTP请求Header处理与自定义_Golang HTTP Header处理项目实战

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "fmt"
)

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // 读取客户端发送的自定义Header
    authToken := r.Header.Get("X-Auth-Token")
    if authToken == "" {
        http.Error(w, "Missing X-Auth-Token", http.StatusUnauthorized)
        return
    }

    // 设置响应Header
    w.Header().Set("X-Server", "Go-Server")
    w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-cache")

    fmt.Fprintf(w, "Token received: %s", authToken)
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

curl -H "X-Auth-Token: abc123" http://localhost:8080

client := &http.Client{}
req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://localhost:8080", nil)

// 添加自定义Header
req.Header.Set("X-Auth-Token", "secret-token")
req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "MyApp/1.0")

resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()

// 读取响应中的Header
fmt.Println("Server:", resp.Header.Get("X-Server"))

func headerMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
    return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        // 注入请求唯一ID
        requestId := r.Header.Get("X-Request-ID")
        if requestId == "" {
            requestId = generateID() // 自定义生成函数
        }
        r.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", requestId)

        // 设置安全响应头
        w.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
        w.Header().Set("X-Frame-Options", "DENY")

        next(w, r)
    }
}

http.HandleFunc("/", headerMiddleware(handler))