PHPUnit测试中处理继承依赖与“Class Not Found”错误的策略

your-project/
├── app/
│   ├── models/
│   │   └── Account.php
│   └── controllers/
│       ├── Pages.php
│       └── Controller.php
├── tests/
│   └── Unit/
│       └── RegisterAccountTests.php
├── vendor/
├── composer.json
└── phpunit.xml

{
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\": "app/",
            "Tests\": "tests/"
        }
    },
    "require-dev": {
        "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5"
    }
}

composer dump-autoload

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://schema.phpunit.de/9.5/phpunit.xsd"
         bootstrap="vendor/autoload.php"
         colors="true"
         cacheResult="false">
    <testsuites>
        <testsuite name="Unit">
            <directory>./tests/Unit</directory>
        </testsuite>
    </testsuites>

    <php>
        <!-- 可以设置一些PHP配置，例如时区等 -->
        <ini name="display_errors" value="On" />
        <ini name="display_startup_errors" value="On" />
    </php>
</phpunit>

// app/models/Account.php
namespace AppModels;

use AppControllersPages; // 假设使用命名空间

class Account
{
    protected $pagesController;

    public function __construct()
    {
        // 紧耦合：直接在内部创建Pages实例
        $this->pagesController = new Pages(); 
    }

    public function register(string $username, string $password, string $cpassword, string $email): string
    {
        if ($password !== $cpassword) {
            return "Passwords do not match!";
        }
        // ... 其他注册逻辑，可能调用 $this->pagesController 的方法
        return "Registration successful!";
    }
}

// app/models/Account.php
namespace AppModels;

use AppControllersPages; // 假设使用命名空间

class Account
{
    protected $pagesController;

    public function __construct(Pages $pagesController) // 依赖注入
    {
        $this->pagesController = $pagesController;
    }

    public function register(string $username, string $password, string $cpassword, string $email): string
    {
        if ($password !== $cpassword) {
            return "Passwords do not match!";
        }
        // ... 其他注册逻辑，可能调用 $this->pagesController 的方法
        return "Registration successful!";
    }
}

// tests/Unit/AccountTest.php
namespace TestsUnit;

use PHPUnitFrameworkTestCase;
use AppModelsAccount;
use AppControllersPages; // 引入真实的Pages类，用于类型提示或创建Mock

class AccountTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testPasswordsDoNotMatch()
    {
        // 1. 创建Pages的模拟对象
        // 这里的Pages对象不会执行任何真实逻辑，也不会加载Controller
        $mockPages = $this->createMock(Pages::class);

        // 2. 将模拟对象注入到Account类中
        $account = new Account($mockPages);

        $username = "test_name";
        $password = "test_password";
        $cpassword = "invalid_password";
        $email = "test@example.com";
        $expected = "Passwords do not match!";

        // 3. 调用被测方法
        $received = $account->register($username, $password, $cpassword, $email);

        // 4. 断言结果
        $this->assertEquals($expected, $received);
    }

    public function testSuccessfulRegistration()
    {
        $mockPages = $this->createMock(Pages::class);
        // 如果Account的register方法会调用Pages的方法，可以在这里设置mockPages的期望行为
        // 例如：$mockPages->method('somePagesMethod')->willReturn(true);

        $account = new Account($mockPages);

        $username = "test_name";
        $password = "test_password";
        $cpassword = "test_password"; // 密码匹配
        $email = "test@example.com";
        $expected = "Registration successful!";

        $received = $account->register($username, $password, $cpassword, $email);

        $this->assertEquals($expected, $received);
    }
}