解决Python异步应用中的同步阻塞问题：以Discord与VK集成为例

# ... 部分代码省略 ...
longpoll = VkLongPoll(vk_session)
async def disbot():
    for event in longpoll.listen(): # 这一行是阻塞的
        # ... 处理VK消息 ...

import vkreal
import asyncio
import discord
from discord.ext import commands

# 初始化Discord机器人
client = commands.Bot(command_prefix='!', intents=discord.Intents.all())

# Discord事件和命令定义
@client.event
async def on_ready():
    print('The bot is connected to Discord!')

@client.event
async def on_message(message):
    if message.author == client.user:  
        return
    # 确保Discord命令能被处理
    await client.process_commands(message)

@client.command(pass_context=True)
async def hi(ctx: commands.Context):
    await ctx.send('Hi from Discord!')

# VK API凭证和聊天ID
VK_LOGIN = 'your_vk_login'
VK_PASSWORD = 'your_vk_password'
VK_APP_ID = 'your_vk_app_id' # 如果使用standalone，可能不需要
VK_CHAT_ID = 123456789 # 替换为你的VK聊天ID
DISCORD_CHANNEL_ID = 987654321 # 替换为你的Discord频道ID

async def vk_login_and_get_session():
    """异步登录VK并获取会话"""
    # vkreal的登录方式可能与vk_api不同，这里以token为例
    # 建议使用VK Group Token或User Token直接初始化
    # 如果需要密码登录，vkreal可能需要不同的方法或依赖其他库
    # 假设我们直接使用一个VK用户或群组Token
    VK_TOKEN = "YOUR_VK_USER_OR_GROUP_TOKEN" 
    session = vkreal.VkApi(token=VK_TOKEN)
    await session.api_context().__aenter__() # 确保会话被正确激活
    return session

async def longpoll_listener():
    """异步监听VK LongPoll事件并转发到Discord"""
    # 确保事件循环已就绪
    await client.wait_until_ready() 

    # 异步登录VK并获取API上下文
    vk_session = await vk_login_and_get_session()
    vk = vk_session.api_context()

    # 初始化异步LongPoll
    # 注意：vkreal.VkLongPoll可能需要loop参数，或者在初始化时自动获取
    longpoll = vkreal.VkLongPoll(vk_session) 

    print("Starting VK LongPoll listener...")
    async for event in longpoll.listen(): # 使用async for，实现非阻塞监听
        if event['type'] == vkreal.VkEventType.MESSAGE_NEW and event['from_chat'] and event['chat_id'] == VK_CHAT_ID:
            user_id = event['user_id']
            message_text = event['text']
            attachments = event.get('attachments', {}) # 使用.get()避免KeyError

            # 获取用户信息
            try:
                user_info = await vk.users.get(user_ids=user_id)
                user_name = f"{user_info[0]['first_name']} {user_info[0]['last_name']}"
            except Exception as e:
                user_name = f"未知用户({user_id})"
                print(f"Error getting VK user info: {e}")

            # 获取Discord频道
            channel = client.get_channel(DISCORD_CHANNEL_ID)
            if not channel:
                print(f"Discord channel with ID {DISCORD_CHANNEL_ID} not found.")
                continue

            # 构建并发送消息到Discord
            discord_message = f"{user_name} » {message_text}"

            # 检查附件类型，这里简化处理，实际可能需要更复杂的解析
            has_attachment = bool(attachments) # vkreal的attachments结构可能不同

            if '@all' in message_text:
                discord_message += " @everyone"

            if has_attachment:
                discord_message += " [Attachment]"

            await channel.send(discord_message)
            print(f"Forwarded VK message from {user_name} to Discord.")

async def main():
    """主函数，启动所有异步任务"""
    async with client:
        # 创建VK LongPoll监听任务
        client.loop.create_task(longpoll_listener())
        # 启动Discord机器人
        await client.start('YOUR_DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 运行主异步函数
    asyncio.run(main())