MySQL不同存储引擎和不同分区字段对于查询的影响_MySQL

bitsCN.com

mysql不同存储引擎和不同分区字段对于查询的影响

前提：每种表类型准备了200万条相同的数据。

表一 InnoDB & PARTITION BY RANGE (id) 

Sql代码      

CREATE TABLE `customer_innodb_id` (  

  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,  

  `email` varchar(64) NOT NULL,  

  `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

星辰Agent

科大讯飞推出的智能体Agent开发平台，助力开发者快速搭建生产级智能体

404

查看详情

  `phone` varchar(13) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `birth` date DEFAULT NULL,  

  `sex` int(1) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `avatar` blob,  

  `address` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `regtime` datetime DEFAULT NULL,  

  `lastip` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `modifytime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,  

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8  

/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (id)  

(PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (100000) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (500000) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (1000000) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (1500000) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (2000000) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */;  

查询结果：    

Sql代码  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_id where id > 50000 and id

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (1.19 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_id where id > 50000 and id

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.28 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_id where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:00  

:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (4.74 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_id where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:00  

:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (5.28 sec)  

表二 InnoDB & PARTITION BY RANGE (year) 

Sql代码  

CREATE TABLE `customer_innodb_year` (  

  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,  

  `email` varchar(64) NOT NULL,  

  `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `phone` varchar(13) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `birth` date DEFAULT NULL,  

  `sex` int(1) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `avatar` blob,  

  `address` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `regtime` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',  

  `lastip` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `modifytime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,  

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`regtime`)  

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8  

/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (YEAR(regtime ))  

(PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1996) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (1997) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (1998) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (1999) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (2000) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN (2001) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p6 VALUES LESS THAN (2002) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p7 VALUES LESS THAN (2003) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p8 VALUES LESS THAN (2004) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p9 VALUES LESS THAN (2005) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p10 VALUES LESS THAN (2006) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p11 VALUES LESS THAN (2007) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p12 VALUES LESS THAN (2008) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p13 VALUES LESS THAN (2009) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p14 VALUES LESS THAN (2010) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p15 VALUES LESS THAN (2011) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p16 VALUES LESS THAN (2012) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p17 VALUES LESS THAN (2013) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p18 VALUES LESS THAN (2014) ENGINE = InnoDB,  

 PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */;  

查询结果：

Sql代码  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_year where id > 50000 and id

0;  

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (5.31 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_year where id > 50000 and id

0;  

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.31 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_year where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:  

00:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.47 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_innodb_year where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:  

00:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.19 sec)  

表三 MyISAM & PARTITION BY RANGE (id) 

Sql代码  

CREATE TABLE `customer_myisam_id` (  

  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,  

  `email` varchar(64) NOT NULL,  

  `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `phone` varchar(13) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `birth` date DEFAULT NULL,  

  `sex` int(1) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `avatar` blob,  

  `address` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `regtime` datetime DEFAULT NULL,  

  `lastip` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `modifytime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,  

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8  

/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (id)  

(PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (100000) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (500000) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (1000000) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (1500000) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (2000000) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = MyISAM) */;  

查询结果：

Sql代码  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_id where id > 50000 and id

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.59 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_id where id > 50000 and id

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.16 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_id where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:00  

:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (34.17 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_id where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:00  

:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (34.06 sec)  

表四 MyISAM & PARTITION BY RANGE (year) 

Sql代码  

CREATE TABLE `customer_myisam_year` (  

  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,  

  `email` varchar(64) NOT NULL,  

  `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL,  

  `phone` varchar(13) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `birth` date DEFAULT NULL,  

  `sex` int(1) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `avatar` blob,  

  `address` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `regtime` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',  

  `lastip` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,  

  `modifytime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,  

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`regtime`)  

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8  

/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (YEAR(regtime ))  

(PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (1996) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (1997) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (1998) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (1999) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (2000) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN (2001) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p6 VALUES LESS THAN (2002) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p7 VALUES LESS THAN (2003) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p8 VALUES LESS THAN (2004) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p9 VALUES LESS THAN (2005) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p10 VALUES LESS THAN (2006) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p11 VALUES LESS THAN (2007) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p12 VALUES LESS THAN (2008) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p13 VALUES LESS THAN (2009) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p14 VALUES LESS THAN (2010) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p15 VALUES LESS THAN (2011) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p16 VALUES LESS THAN (2012) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p17 VALUES LESS THAN (2013) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p18 VALUES LESS THAN (2014) ENGINE = MyISAM,  

 PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = MyISAM) */;  

查询结果：

Sql代码  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_year where id > 50000 and id

0;  

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (2.08 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_year where id > 50000 and id

0;  

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   449999 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.17 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_year where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:  

00:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.56 sec)  

mysql> select count(*) from customer_myisam_year where regtime > '1995-01-01 00:  

00:00' and regtime

+----------+  

| count(*) |  

+----------+  

|   199349 |  

+----------+  

1 row in set (0.13 sec)  

 结果汇总    

序号 存储引擎 分区函数 查询条件 一次查询(sec) 二次查询(sec)

1 InnoDB id id 1.19 0.28

2 InnoDB id regtime 4.74 5.28

3 InnoDB year id 5.31 0.31

4 InnoDB year regtime 0.47 0.19

5 MyISAM id id 0.59 0.16

6 MyISAM id regtime 34.17 34.06

7 MyISAM year id 2.08 0.17

8 MyISAM year regtime 0.56 0.13

 总结

1、对于按照时间区间来查询的，建议采用按照时间来分区，减少查询范围。

2、MyISAM性能总体占优，但是不支持事务处理、外键约束等。