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MySQL入门：Linux 6 RPM方式安装MySQL 8.0

雪夜

发布： 2025-07-11 10:24:16

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如何下载和安装mysql rpm 程序包

1.建议从MySQL的官方网站下载软件，确保安全和可靠性。

下载链接：https://www.php.cn/link/06d86297d6e28d4637d60c86c2a2f5b6

MySQL入门：Linux 6 RPM方式安装MySQL 8.0

在下载页面，根据操作系统的版本选择适当的RPM包。此次选择的是适用于Linux 6的RPM包（RPM Bundle）。下载完成后，将其上传到Linux服务器上。使用Tar命令进行解压：

tar -xvf 包名

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例如：

-bash-4.1$ tar -xvf mysql-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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您可以通过rpm -qpl命令来查看RPM包中的文件内容。

shell> rpm -qpl mysql-community-server-version-distribution-arch.rpm

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安装MySQL RPM包可以使用以下命令：

shell> sudo yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*

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确认安装是否成功，可以通过以下步骤进行检查：

1.查看已安装的MySQL文件：

-bash-4.1$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.23-1.el6.x86_64

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2.检查MySQL服务的运行状态：

-bash-4.1$ service mysqld status
mysqld is stopped

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注意：这里使用的是Oracle Linux 6，因此使用service命令来管理服务。

-bash-4.1$ service
Usage: service  | --status-all | [ service_name [ command | --full-restart ] ]

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对于Linux 7及更高版本，可以使用systemctl来管理服务：

systemctl status mysqld.service

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启动MySQL服务，在Linux 6上使用service命令：

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查看详情

-bash-4.1$ sudo service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database:                               [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
-bash-4.1$ sudo service mysqld status
mysqld (pid  28030) is running...

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对于Linux 7及更高版本，使用systemctl命令：

systemctl start mysqld

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重置MySQL root用户密码：在服务器首次启动时，会自动创建超级用户账号'root'@'localhost'并设置临时密码，临时密码会存储在错误日志文件中。可以通过以下命令查看：

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

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例如：

-bash-4.1$ sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-02-16T09:16:36.715031Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: u7hf5?5:4hG4

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登录并使用临时密码，然后修改密码：

shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

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例如：

-bash-4.1$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.23
<p>Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.</p><p>Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.</p><p>Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.</p><p>mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

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登录确认：

-bash-4.1$ mysql -uroot -pMyNewPass4!
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.23 MySQL Community Server - GPL</p><p>Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.</p><p>Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.</p><p>Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.</p><p>mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)</p><p>mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select Host,User from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| Host      | User             |
+-----------+------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session    |
| localhost | mysql.sys        |
| localhost | root             |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)</p><p>mysql> SELECT VERSION(), CURRENT_DATE;
+-----------+--------------+
| VERSION() | CURRENT_DATE |
+-----------+--------------+
| 8.0.23    | 2021-02-16   |
+-----------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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参考资料：https://www.php.cn/link/2804d14b1b70880c48b4cd4882e23ee0

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