C++贪吃蛇游戏怎么实现 控制台图形与键盘控制教学

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <conio.h> // Windows specific
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>

using namespace std;

// 游戏地图大小
const int WIDTH = 20;
const int HEIGHT = 20;

// 蛇的初始位置
int snakeX = WIDTH / 2;
int snakeY = HEIGHT / 2;

// 食物的坐标
int foodX;
int foodY;

// 蛇的身体
deque<pair<int, int>> snakeBody;

// 移动方向 (0: 上, 1: 下, 2: 左, 3: 右)
int direction = 3;

// 游戏结束标志
bool gameOver = false;

// 初始化游戏
void setup() {
    srand(time(0));
    foodX = rand() % WIDTH;
    foodY = rand() % HEIGHT;
    snakeBody.push_front({snakeX, snakeY});
    snakeBody.push_front({snakeX - 1, snakeY});
    snakeBody.push_front({snakeX - 2, snakeY});
}

// 绘制游戏画面
void draw() {
    system("cls"); // 清空屏幕

    for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH + 2; i++)
        cout << "+";
    cout << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++) {
        cout << "+";
        for (int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++) {
            if (i == foodY && j == foodX)
                cout << "*";
            else {
                bool isSnakeBody = false;
                for (auto const& segment : snakeBody) {
                    if (segment.first == j && segment.second == i) {
                        cout << "#";
                        isSnakeBody = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!isSnakeBody)
                    cout << " ";
            }
        }
        cout << "+";
        cout << endl;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH + 2; i++)
        cout << "+";
    cout << endl;

    cout << "Score: " << snakeBody.size() - 3 << endl;
}

// 处理键盘输入
void input() {
    if (_kbhit()) {
        switch (_getch()) {
            case 'w':
                if (direction != 1)
                    direction = 0;
                break;
            case 's':
                if (direction != 0)
                    direction = 1;
                break;
            case 'a':
                if (direction != 3)
                    direction = 2;
                break;
            case 'd':
                if (direction != 2)
                    direction = 3;
                break;
            case 'x':
                gameOver = true;
                break;
        }
    }
}

// 游戏逻辑
void logic() {
    int prevX = snakeBody.front().first;
    int prevY = snakeBody.front().second;

    switch (direction) {
        case 0:
            snakeY--;
            break;
        case 1:
            snakeY++;
            break;
        case 2:
            snakeX--;
            break;
        case 3:
            snakeX++;
            break;
    }

    // 碰撞检测 (墙壁)
    if (snakeX < 0 || snakeX >= WIDTH || snakeY < 0 || snakeY >= HEIGHT) {
        gameOver = true;
        return;
    }

    // 碰撞检测 (自身)
    for (auto const& segment : snakeBody) {
        if (segment.first == snakeX && segment.second == snakeY) {
            gameOver = true;
            return;
        }
    }

    snakeBody.push_front({snakeX, snakeY});

    // 吃到食物
    if (snakeX == foodX && snakeY == foodY) {
        foodX = rand() % WIDTH;
        foodY = rand() % HEIGHT;
    } else {
        snakeBody.pop_back();
    }
}

int main() {
    setup();
    while (!gameOver) {
        draw();
        input();
        logic();
        this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds(100)); // 控制游戏速度
    }

    cout << "Game Over!" << endl;
    return 0;
}