Golang应用自动化部署流水线示例

Dockerfile

kubectl

go mod

go test

golangci-lint

.gitlab-ci.yml

stages:
  - build
  - test
  - dockerize
  - deploy

variables:
  # 定义Go模块路径，根据你的项目实际情况调整
  GO_MODULE: "gitlab.com/your-group/your-project"
  # Docker镜像名称
  DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: "$CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE/$CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG"
  # Docker文件路径
  DOCKERFILE_PATH: "Dockerfile"
  # Kubernetes部署文件路径
  KUBERNETES_DEPLOY_FILE: "kubernetes/deployment.yaml"

.go_cache: &go_cache
  cache:
    key: "$CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG"
    paths:
      - "$GOPATH/pkg/mod"
      - "$GOPATH/bin"
    policy: pull-push

build_job:
  stage: build
  image: golang:1.21-alpine # 使用轻量级Go镜像
  <<: *go_cache
  script:
    - apk add --no-cache git # Alpine镜像需要安装git
    - mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE
    - cp -r . $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE
    - cd $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE
    - go mod tidy # 清理和同步依赖
    - go build -o app ./cmd/api # 编译Go应用，假设主程序在cmd/api
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE/app # 缓存编译后的二进制文件
    expire_in: 1 hour

test_job:
  stage: test
  image: golang:1.21-alpine
  <<: *go_cache
  script:
    - apk add --no-cache git
    - mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE
    - cp -r . $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE
    - cd $GOPATH/src/$GO_MODULE
    - go mod tidy
    - go test -v ./... # 运行所有测试
  allow_failure: false # 测试失败则流水线停止

dockerize_job:
  stage: dockerize
  image: docker:20.10.16-dind-alpine3.16 # Docker in Docker
  services:
    - docker:20.10.16-dind-alpine3.16
  script:
    - docker login -u $CI_REGISTRY_USER -p $CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD $CI_REGISTRY
    - docker build -t $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA -f $DOCKERFILE_PATH .
    - docker push $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA
    - docker tag $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME:latest # 打latest标签
    - docker push $DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME:latest
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH # 只在主分支上构建和推送latest镜像

deploy_staging_job:
  stage: deploy
  image: alpine/helm:3.8.2 # 或者alpine/kubectl:1.24.2
  script:
    - apk add --no-cache openssh-client # 确保可以连接到Kubernetes
    - echo "$KUBE_CONFIG" > kubeconfig.yaml # KUBE_CONFIG是GitLab CI变量，存储kubeconfig内容
    - export KUBECONFIG=$(pwd)/kubeconfig.yaml
    - kubectl config use-context default/cluster-admin@cluster.local # 根据你的Kubeconfig配置调整
    - kubectl set image deployment/your-go-app-deployment your-go-app-container=$DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA -n your-namespace # 更新部署
    - kubectl rollout status deployment/your-go-app-deployment -n your-namespace # 等待部署完成
  environment:
    name: staging
    url: https://staging.yourdomain.com
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH # 仅当主分支提交时部署到staging

# deploy_production_job:
#   stage: deploy
#   image: alpine/helm:3.8.2
#   script:
#     - # 类似staging的部署逻辑，可能需要人工审批或更多检查
#   environment:
#     name: production
#     url: https://prod.yourdomain.com
#   rules:
#     - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH
#       when: manual # 手动触发部署到生产环境

when: manual