python中subprocess的用法

import subprocess
<h1>执行一个简单的系统命令</h1><p>result = subprocess.run(['ls', '-l'], capture_output=True, text=True)</p><p>print("返回码:", result.returncode)
print("标准输出:\n", result.stdout)
print("错误信息:\n", result.stderr)</p>

import subprocess
<h1>实时打印命令输出（如下载、编译等）</h1><p>subprocess.run(['ping', '-c', '4', 'google.com'])</p>
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process = subprocess.Popen(['ping', '-c', '4', 'google.com'], 
                           stdout=subprocess.PIPE, 
                           text=True)
<p>for line in process.stdout:
print("输出:", line.strip())</p>

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
<p>process = Popen(['python', '-c', 'print(input("Name: "))'], 
stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, text=True)</p><p>stdout, _ = process.communicate(input='Alice\n')
print("程序返回:", stdout.strip())  # 输出: Alice</p>

try:
    subprocess.run(['false'], check=True)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
    print("命令执行失败，返回码:", e.returncode)