使用 Mockito 进行 Spring Boot Service 层单元测试

@Service
public class ExamServiceImpl implements ExamService {

    private final SubjectService subjectService;
    private final ScoreDAO scoreDAO;
    private final TeacherDAO teacherDAO;
    private final StudentDAO studentDAO;

    @Autowired
    public ExamServiceImpl(SubjectService subjectService, ScoreDAO scoreDAO, TeacherDAO teacherDAO, StudentDAO studentDAO) {
        this.subjectService = subjectService;
        this.scoreDAO = scoreDAO;
        this.teacherDAO = teacherDAO;
        this.studentDAO = studentDAO;
    }

    @Override
    public ResponseModel insertScore(RequestModel request) throws IOException {
        List<TeacherModel> teacher = teacherDAO.getNameList(request);
        List<StudentModel> student = studentDAO.findStudentList(teacher.get(0).getName(), request.getStudentScore());

        String nameStudent = student.get(0).getFirstName() + student.get(0).getLastName();
        SubjectModel subject = subjectService.getNameSubject(request, nameStudent);

        ScoreModel score = new ScoreModel();
        score.setStudentName(request.getStudentName());
        score.setScore(request.getStudentScore());
        score.setSubject(subject.getName);

        int result = scoreDAO.insert(score);

        return new ResponseModel(result);
    }
}

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class ExamServiceImplTest {

    @Mock
    private ScoreDAO scoreDAO;

    @Mock
    private SubjectService subjectService;

    @Mock
    private TeacherDAO teacherDAO;

    @Mock
    private StudentDAO studentDAO;

    @InjectMocks
    private ExamServiceImpl examService;

    @Test
    void insertScoreTest() throws IOException {
        // 1. 准备 Mock 对象和数据
        SubjectModel resFromSubject = new SubjectModel();
        resFromSubject.setSubject("Math");

        TeacherModel resTeacher = new TeacherModel();
        resTeacher.setName("test Teacher");
        List<TeacherModel> teacherList = Arrays.asList(resTeacher);

        StudentModel studentData = new StudentModel();
        studentData.setFirstName("firstname");
        studentData.setLastName("lastname");
        List<StudentModel> studentList = Arrays.asList(studentData);


        RequestModel request = new RequestModel();

        // 2. 设定 Mock 对象的行为
        when(teacherDAO.getNameList(any(RequestModel.class))).thenReturn(teacherList);
        when(studentDAO.findStudentList(anyString(), anyString())).thenReturn(studentList);
        when(subjectService.getNameSubject(any(RequestModel.class), anyString())).thenReturn(resFromSubject);
        when(scoreDAO.insert(any(ScoreModel.class))).thenReturn(1);

        // 3. 执行被测方法
        ResponseModel resultTest = examService.insertScore(request);

        // 4. 验证结果
        assertEquals(1, resultTest.getResult());
    }
}