Selenium自动化：解决动态网页元素定位与弹出窗口滚动失效问题

# 定位文本包含“关注”的按钮
follow_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(), '关注')]")

# 或者，如果按钮文本在子元素中，并且需要兼容英文“Follow”
follow_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[contains(., '关注') or contains(., 'Follow')]")

# 定位一个aria-label属性包含“关注者”的div（可能是弹窗）
follower_popup = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[contains(@aria-label, '关注者')]")

import time
from selenium.common.exceptions import ElementClickInterceptedException, NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium import webdriver

SIMILAR_ACCOUNT = "honeymoon" # 替换为实际的账户名
USERNAME = "your_username"    # 替换为你的Instagram用户名
PASSWORD = "your_password"    # 替换为你的Instagram密码

class InstaFollower:
    def __init__(self):
        chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
        self.driver.get("https://www.instagram.com")

    def login(self):
        self.driver.get("https://www.instagram.com")

        # 显式等待登录表单出现
        login_form = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, 'username')) # 直接等待用户名输入框
        ).find_element(By.XPATH, './ancestor::form') # 找到其父级form

        username = login_form.find_element(By.NAME, 'username')
        password = login_form.find_element(By.NAME, 'password')
        # 更健壮地定位登录按钮，例如通过文本
        login_button = login_form.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(), '登录') or contains(text(), 'Log in')]")

        username.send_keys(USERNAME)
        password.send_keys(PASSWORD)
        login_button.click()

        # 等待登录成功后的页面元素出现
        WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@aria-label="Instagram"]')))
        print("Login successful.")

    def find_followers(self):
        time.sleep(5) # 等待页面加载完成
        self.driver.get(f"https://www.instagram.com/{SIMILAR_ACCOUNT}/followers")
        time.sleep(5) # 等待关注者页面加载完成

        try:
            # 1. 定位弹出窗口的主容器
            # Instagram的弹窗通常有一个role="dialog"属性
            # 尝试通过CSS选择器或XPath定位弹窗
            # 注意：以下选择器是示例，可能需要根据Instagram最新UI进行调整

            # 优先尝试CSS选择器，通常更稳定
            # 假设弹窗是一个role="dialog"的div，且其内部滚动区域有特定类名
            # 这是一个常见的Instagram滚动区域模式，但类名可能变化
            modal_css_selector = "div[role='dialog'] div._aano" # 示例CSS选择器

            # 如果CSS选择器不奏效，尝试XPath
            # modal_xpath = "//div[@role='dialog']//div[contains(@class, '_aano')]"

            # 显式等待弹窗中的滚动区域出现
            modal = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, modal_css_selector))
            )
            print("Followers modal found.")

            # 2. 滚动操作
            last_height = self.driver.execute_script("return arguments[0].scrollHeight", modal)
            print(f"Initial scroll height: {last_height}")

            scroll_count = 0
            while scroll_count < 15: # 尝试滚动15次，防止无限循环
                self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollTop = arguments[0].scrollHeight", modal)
                time.sleep(2) # 等待新内容加载
                new_height = self.driver.execute_script("return arguments[0].scrollHeight", modal)
                print(f"Scrolled. New height: {new_height}")

                if new_height == last_height:
                    print("Reached bottom of the modal.")
                    break # 已经滚动到底部
                last_height = new_height
                scroll_count += 1

        except NoSuchElementException:
            print("Error: Followers modal or scrollable area not found. Check selectors.")
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"An unexpected error occurred during scrolling: {e}")

    def follow(self):
        try:
            # 1. 重新定位弹窗容器，确保在正确的上下文中查找按钮
            modal_container = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(
                EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div[role='dialog']")) # 定位弹窗主容器
            )

            # 2. 在弹窗容器内部查找所有“关注”按钮
            # Instagram的“关注”按钮通常是一个div，内部包含文本“关注”或“Follow”
            # 寻找