C++如何实现一个简单的线程池？（代码示例）

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

class ThreadPool {
private:
    std::vector workers;
    std::queue> tasks;
    std::mutex mtx;
    std::condition_variable cv;
    std::atomic stop{false};

public:
    explicit ThreadPool(size_t n) {
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            workers.emplace_back([this] {
                while (true) {
                    std::function task;
                    {
                        std::unique_lock lock(mtx);
                        cv.wait(lock, [this] { return stop.load() || !tasks.empty(); });
                        if (stop.load() && tasks.empty()) return;
                        task = std::move(tasks.front());
                        tasks.pop();
                    }
                    task(); // 执行任务
                }
            });
        }
    }

    ~ThreadPool() {
        {
            std::unique_lock lock(mtx);
            stop = true;
        }
        cv.notify_all();
        for (auto& t : workers) {
            if (t.joinable()) t.join();
        }
    }

    template
    void enqueue(F&& f, Args&&... args) {
        auto task = std::make_shared>(
            std::bind(std::forward(f), std::forward(args)...)
        );
        {
            std::unique_lock lock(mtx);
            tasks.emplace([task]() { (*task)(); });
        }
        cv.notify_one();
    }
};

#include 
#include 
#include 

int main() {
    ThreadPool pool(3); // 创建含 3 个工作线程的池

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        pool.enqueue([i] {
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
            std::cout << "Task " << i << " executed by thread "
                      << std::this_thread::get_id() << '\n';
        });
    }

    // 主线程不立即退出，确保所有任务完成（实际项目中可加 wait 机制）
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
    return 0;
}