一起学习 Redis缓存穿透、缓存击穿、缓存雪崩的原理和解决办法

<?php
class getPrizeList {
    /**
     * redis实例
     * @var \Redis
     */
    private $redis;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    private $redis_key = '|prize_list';

    /**
     * 过期时间
     * @var int
     */
    private $expire = 30;

    /**
     * getPrizeList constructor.
     * @param $redis
     */
    public function __construct($redis)
    {
        $this->redis = $redis;
    }

    /**
     * @return array|bool|string
     */
    public function fetch()
    {
        $result = $this->redis->get($this->redis_key);
        if(!isset($result)) {
            //此处应该进行数据库查询...
            //如果查询结果不存在，给其默认空数组进行缓存
            $result = [];
            $this->redis->set($this->redis_key, $result, $this->expire);
        }

        return $result;
    }
}

<?php
class getPrizeList {
    /**
     * redis实例
     * @var \Redis
     */
    private $redis;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    private $redis_key = '|prize_list';

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    private $setnx_key = '|prize_list_setnx';

    /**
     * 过期时间
     * @var int
     */
    private $expire = 30;

    /**
     * getPrizeList constructor.
     * @param $redis
     */
    public function __construct($redis)
    {
        $this->redis = $redis;
    }

    /**
     * @return array|bool|string
     */
    public function fetch()
    {
        $result = $this->redis->get($this->redis_key);
        if(!isset($result)) {
            if($this->redis->setnx($this->setnx_key, 1, $this->expire)) {
                //此处应该进行数据库查询...
                //$result = 数据库查询结果;
                $this->redis->set($this->redis_key, $result, $this->expire);
                $this->redis->del($this->setnx_key); //删除互斥锁
            } else {
                //其他请求每等待10毫秒重新请求一次
                sleep(10);
                self::fetch();
            }
        }

        return $result;
    }
}

<?php
class getPrizeList {
    /**
     * redis实例
     * @var \Redis
     */
    private $redis;

    /**
     * @var string
     */
    private $redis_key = '|prize_list';

    /**
     * 缓存标记key
     * @var string
     */
    private $cash_key = '|prize_list_cash';

    /**
     * 过期时间
     * @var int
     */
    private $expire = 30;

    /**
     * getPrizeList constructor.
     * @param $redis
     */
    public function __construct($redis)
    {
        $this->redis = $redis;
    }

    /**
     * @return array|bool|string
     */
    public function fetch()
    {
        $cash_result = $this->redis->get($this->cash_key);
        $result = $this->redis->get($this->redis_key);
        if(!$cash_result) {
            $this->redis->set($this->cash_key, 1, $this->expire);
            //此处应该进行数据库查询...
            //$result = 数据库查询结果, 并且设置的时间要比cash_key长，这里设置为2倍;
            $this->redis->set($this->redis_key, $result, $this->expire * 2);
        }

        return $result;
    }
}