rpm格式和deb格式有什么区别

root@huxiping:~# dpkg --help
Usage:
dpkg -i|--install <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive
...
dpkg --unpack <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive
...
dpkg -A|--record-avail <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive
...
dpkg --configure ... | -a|--pending
dpkg -r|--remove | -P|--purge ... | -a|--pending
dpkg --get-selections [ ...] get list of selections to stdout
dpkg --set-selections set package selections from stdin
dpkg --update-avail replace available packages info
dpkg --merge-avail merge with info from file
dpkg --clear-avail erase existing available info
dpkg --forget-old-unavail forget uninstalled unavailable pkgs
dpkg -s|--status ... display package status details
dpkg -p|--print-avail ... display available version details
dpkg -L|--listfiles ... list files `owned' by package(s)
dpkg -l|--list [ ...] list packages concisely
dpkg -S|--search ... find package(s) owning file(s)
dpkg -C|--audit check for broken package(s)
dpkg --print-architecture print dpkg architecture
dpkg --compare-versions compare version numbers - see below
dpkg --help | --version show this help / version number
dpkg --force-help | -Dh|--debug=help help on forcing resp. debugging
dpkg --licence print copyright licensing terms
Use dpkg -b|--build|-c|--contents|-e|--control|-I|--info|-f|--field|
-x|--extract|-X|--vextract|--fsys-tarfile on archives (type dpkg-deb --help.)
For internal use: dpkg --assert-support-predepends | --predep-package |
--assert-working-epoch | --assert-long-filenames | --assert-multi-conrep
Options:
--admindir= Use instead of /var/lib/dpkg
--root= Install on alternative system rooted elsewhere
--instdir= Change inst'n root without changing admin dir
-O|--selected-only Skip packages not selected for install/upgrade
-E|--skip-same-version Skip packages whose same version is installed
-G|--refuse-downgrade Skip packages with earlier version than installed
-B|--auto-deconfigure Install even if it would break some other package
--no-debsig Do no try to verify package signatures
--no-act|--dry-run|--simulate
Just say what we would do - don't do it
-D|--debug= Enable debugging - see -Dhelp or --debug=help
--status-fd Send status change updates to file descriptor
--log= Log status changes and actions to
--ignore-depends=,... Ignore dependencies involving
--force-... Override problems - see --force-help
--no-force-...|--refuse-... Stop when problems encountered
--abort-after Abort after encountering errors
Comparison operators for --compare-versions are:
lt le eq ne ge gt (treat empty version as earlier than any version);
lt-nl le-nl ge-nl gt-nl (treat empty version as later than any version);
< << <= = >= >> > (only for compatibility with control file syntax).
Use `dselect' or `aptitude' for user-friendly package management.
root@huxiping:~#
dpkg -i | --install xxx.deb 安装deb软件包
dpkg -r | --remove xxx.deb 删除软件包
dpkg -r -P | --purge xxx.deb 连同配置文件一起删除
dpkg -I | -info xxx.deb 查看软件包信息
dpkg -L xxx.deb 查看文件拷贝详情
dpkg -l 查看系统中已安装软件包信息
dpkg-reconfigure xxx 重新配置软件包