如何在 Golang 框架中进行消息队列可扩展性优化？

// 使用 Apache Kafka
import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "time"

    "github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go/kafka"
)

func main() {
    conf := kafka.ConfigMap{
        "bootstrap.servers": "localhost:9092",
        "partitioner":        "roundrobin",
        "topic.partitions":   4, // 分区数设置为 4
    }
    producer, err := kafka.NewProducer(&conf)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    topic := "my-topic"

    message := &kafka.Message{
        TopicPartition: kafka.TopicPartition{Topic: &topic, Partition: kafka.Partition(2)}, // 发送到特定分区
        Value:          []byte("Hello"),
    }

    err = producer.Produce(context.Background(), message, nil)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
}

// 使用 RabbitMQ
import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "sync"
    "time"

    "github.com/streadway/amqp"
)

func main() {
    conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    ch, err := conn.Channel()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer ch.Close()

    var wg sync.WaitGroup

    messages := []string{"message 1", "message 2", "message 3"}  // 批量发送的消息

    // 并发发送消息
    for _, message := range messages {
        wg.Add(1)
        go func(message string) {
            defer wg.Done()

            body := []byte(message)
            err = ch.Publish("", "my-queue", false, false, amqp.Publishing{
                Body: body,
            })
            if err != nil {
                log.Fatal(err)
            }
        }(message)
    }

    wg.Wait()
}