节点列表

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更新时间2025-07-30

节点信息

遍历节点

DOM 节点列表

当使用 childNodes 或 getElementsByTagName() 等属性或方法时，将返回 NodeList 对象。

NodeList 对象表示节点的列表，其顺序与 XML 中的顺序相同。

节点列表中的节点可通过从 0 开始的索引号进行访问。

下图表示 books.xml 中元素的节点列表：</p> <img class="illustration" src="https://img.php.cn/upload/course/000/000/001/175395339751586.png" width="35%" alt="DOM 节点列表" /> <p>假设 "books.xml" 已被加载到变量 xmlDoc 中。</p> <p>此代码片段返回 "books.xml" 中 title 元素的节点列表：</p> <pre class="language-js"> x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("title"); </pre> <p>执行完上面的语句后，x 就成为一个 NodeList 对象。</p> <p>以下代码片段返回节点列表 (x) 中第一个 <title> 元素的文本：</p> <h3>实例</h3> <pre class="language-js"> var txt = x[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue; </pre> <a target="_blank" href="#" class="showbtn codebtn">运行实例 »</a><p>点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例</p> <p>执行上述语句后，txt = "雅舍谈吃"。</p> <section> <h2>节点列表长度</h2> <p>NodeList 对象会保持自身的更新。如果删除或添加了元素，列表会自动更新。</p> <p>节点列表的 <code>length</code> 属性是列表中节点的数量。</p> <p>这段代码返回 "books.xml" 中 <title> 元素的数量：</p> <pre class="language-js"> x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('title').length; </pre> <p>上面的语句执行后，<code>x</code> 的值为 5。</p> <p>节点列表的长度可用于循环遍历列表中的所有元素。</p> <p>这段代码使用 <code>length</code> 属性循环来遍历 <title> 元素列表：</p> <h3>实例</h3> <pre class="language-js"> x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('title'); xLen = x.length; for (i = 0; i <xLen; i++) { txt += x[i].childNodes[0].nodeValue) + " "; } </pre> <a target="_blank" href="#" class="showbtn codebtn">运行实例 »</a><p>点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例</p> <h4>例子解释：</h4> <ol> <li>假设 books.xml 已被加载到 <code>xmlDoc</code> 中</li> <li>设置 x 变量以保存所有 title 元素的节点列表</li> <li>从 <title> 元素中获取文本节点的值</li> </ol> <section> <h2>DOM 属性列表（命名节点映射）</h2> <p>元素节点的 <code>attributes</code> 属性返回属性节点的列表。</p> <p>这被称为命名节点映射（named node map），与节点列表类似，只是方法和属性有所不同。</p> <p>属性列表也会保持最新。如果删除或添加属性，列表会自动更新。</p> <p>这段代码从 "books.xml" 中的第一个 <book> 元素返回属性节点列表：</p> <pre class="language-js"> x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('book')[0].attributes; </pre> <p>上面的代码执行后，<code>x.length</code> 等于属性的数量，可使用 <code>x.getNamedItem()</code> 返回一个属性节点。</p> <p>这段代码获取第一本书的 "category" 属性的值，以及属性的数量：</p> <h3>实例</h3> <pre class="language-js"> x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("book")[0].attributes; txt = x.getNamedItem("category").nodeValue + " " + x.length; 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