C++如何在Linux中进行进程间通信

<code class="c++">#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

int main() {
    int pipefd[2];
    char buffer[10];

    if (pipe(pipefd) == -1) {
        perror("pipe");
        return 1;
    }

    pid_t pid = fork();
    if (pid == 0) { // 子进程
        close(pipefd[1]); // 关闭写端
        read(pipefd[0], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
        std::cout << "Child received: " << buffer << std::endl;
        close(pipefd[0]);
    } else { // 父进程
        close(pipefd[0]); // 关闭读端
        write(pipefd[1], "Hello from parent!", 17);
        close(pipefd[1]);
    }

    return 0;
}</code>

<code class="c++">#include <iostream>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main() {
    const char* fifo_name = "my_fifo";
    mkfifo(fifo_name, 0666);

    int fd = open(fifo_name, O_RDWR);
    if (fd == -1) {
        perror("open");
        return 1;
    }

    const char* message = "Hello from named pipe!";
    write(fd, message, strlen(message) + 1);

    char buffer[100];
    read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    std::cout << "Received: " << buffer << std::endl;
    close(fd);
    unlink(fifo_name); // 删除命名管道

    return 0;
}</code>

<code class="c++">#include <iostream>
#include <csignal>
#include <unistd.h>

void signal_handler(int signum) {
    std::cout << "Received signal " << signum << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    signal(SIGUSR1, signal_handler);

    pid_t pid = fork();
    if (pid == 0) { // 子进程
        sleep(2);
        kill(getppid(), SIGUSR1);
    } else { // 父进程
        sleep(5);
    }

    return 0;
}</code>

<code class="c++">#include <iostream>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <cstring>

// ... (消息队列结构体和代码，与原文类似) ...</code>

<code class="c++">#include <iostream>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <cstring>

// ... (共享内存代码，与原文类似) ...</code>

<code class="c++">#include <iostream>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <unistd.h>

// ... (信号量代码，与原文类似) ...</code>